Bank of Russia's policy in relation to banks, non-caste "of state banks and the largest private", is becoming increasingly fierce. Since mid-summer exaggerated idea of ​​the Central Bank to introduce a new license for small banks, which are completely cut off oxygen to their existence - to give a new license with disabilities.

However, the Bank of Russia comes up with new, more sophisticated ways to revoke the license. More and more bankers complain about the actions of the regulator to decide to revoke the license of the bank literally "just so". In the central bank called their actions a beautiful word "preventive measure", the essence of which - to deprive working, profitable bank license only because it sometime in the future will itself "bad feeling."

With this attitude faced shareholders of the St. Petersburg bank "Tetrapolis", which the Bank of Russia revoked the license in September 2016, of which almost unprofitable banks made a profitable organization. But the regulator was not enough.

CB does not keep word

In the last crisisies, when the state less money to support the economy (more precisely, support to the private sector - state-owned and state-owned banks quickly get help), from the Central Bank is increasingly heard appeals: shareholders should save their own banks. That is, if the bank has a problem, but the owners will show that they are ready by their own means, without the help of the state, help the bank, the Bank of Russia is satisfied. The main thing - to show the origin of the funds, and to bring the bank to comply with all regulations.

However, the theory does not always converge with the practice. By the end of 2014 Tetrapolis, to put it mildly, it was not in its best condition (remember - the bank since 1991). Founder Valery Kovalev bank die in December, leaving him in the care of his wife and son. But they have decided that it is better to sell a financial institution, and began to actively seek investors. What was difficult: the bank's capital barely exceeded the required minimum (was 308 million rubles at the end of 2014), on the bank's balance sheet has been a significant amount of non-performing loans, the number of which, after a change of owner threatened to increase dramatically. Business plan consisting onlyon to support the bank's ability to live up to the arrival of a new investor.

But, despite this deplorable situation, I found an investor who was willing to revive the bank. Within four months Aleksand Belyaev investors with a team made out a deal to acquire Tetrapolis, while passing all regulatory requirements of the Bank of Russia. As soon as the new shareholders have come to the bank, they briefly had two operations to increase the bank's capital: Less than six months Tetrapolis own funds were increased by 100 million rubles. At the shareholders did not stop, and since planning to actively develop the bank, investors are preparing a new issue of shares. As a result, the year of its ownership of banks, the new shareholders were able to raise capital Tetrapolis almost 40% (to 428.6 million rubles.)!

It demanded that the Bank of Russia from the owners of the banks - protect your business by its own means, not by clients or the state. Belyaev and other shareholders of the Bank of carefully performed covenants, but faced with the fact that the bank "latched on" the wrong time for sending a message in three operations. namelythat the delay was the formal reason for the revocation of the licenses of Tetrapolis. Perhaps such a sad sense of humor at the Bank of Russia, if such violations go from Sberbank and VTB - is it a penalty (which is the most common violations of the banks), and if it is a small bank, "Goodbye, license".

How I have Tetrapolis year

If you look purely at the economic indicators Tetrapolis - it's hard to do anything to undermine. With money problems quickly resolved, not only by its increase, but also clearing the balance. It is known that if a lot of bad bank assets, loans that are not serviced, the bank is forced to build large reserves that "crush" on the capital, leading to its reduction. By the way, it is important to note that the new loan portfolio, issued after the arrival of the new top managers, non-performing loans was not at all (the portfolio of new loans is estimated at 150 million rubles).

Recognizing this risk, the new shareholders carefully approached the problem of clearing the balance from the "toxic" assets. Part of poor portfolio transferred to collectors,and for some credit had to go to court with the requirements for the recovery of outstanding debts. The results of systematic work not long in coming: just one year the bank implemented a "bad" loans in the amount of more than 100 million rubles (about 25% of the portfolio).

All these measures are almost immediately affected the positive financial result, ie profit. If the former owner Tetrapolis sometimes operate at a loss, it was not a single month that he had not made a profit when the new shareholders of the bank. The amount of earning assets for the year doubled to 1.11 billion, while return on equity increased from 2.38% to 5.43%, which corresponds to the average profitability of the banking sector in the current year. Over the past year Tetrapolis passed several unscheduled inspections of the Central Bank for a variety of operations, including by means of the box office (showing that is liquid, the bank really works). No comments from the regulators to the Bank of was not. All the more strange that knowing the financial position and operating status Tetrapolis, the Central Bank decided yet on an extreme measure.

By the way, after the revocation of the licenses of Tetrapoliand in banking circles pointed out that from the point of view of the financial position, Tetrapolis become quite stable, and indirect indication of this version is that the temporary administration of the bank Tetrapolis sent a petition is not about bankruptcy, and liquidation of the bank. Thereby recognizing that the bank's assets are healthy.

Fatal neighborhood

But with all the success and the right things, managers Tetrapolis made one mistake (though the results of her no one could have predicted). The new bank's strategy presupposes the existence of offices not only in St. Petersburg but also in Moscow. The first office was on Kutuzovsky Prospekt, and the second additional offices occurred "flash in the pan" - it was opened in Orlikov lane. He recalls one of the managers of the bank, then this idea seemed attractive: in the center of the capital, in the same lane in the vicinity were other banks. At this concentration can be good save on advertising and attract the attention of a customer for its location.

But fate (and the central bank) decided otherwise: the practice shows that now if someone Bank of Russia revokes lrequirement, banks are neighbors also need to wait for a "uninvited guests". Since the withdrawal of the license of one creates a negative background for the other banks that are in the same building. Tetrapolis suffered because of the bad neighborhood: first, the Central Bank revoked the license of planes, and then have Tetrapolis. The reason, as stated above - not just sent a few messages. That's all.

Later, some media started to spread false information about the presence of "notebooks" at the bank, ie, unrecorded bank obligations to depositors. But these rumors are easily refuted by the fact that the interim administration in Tetrapolis these "notebooks" did not find, on the contrary, has confirmed the absence of differences between left out of the bank commitments and actual data.

CB "beats" ahead of the curve

According to many bankers - and this is indirectly confirmed by sources close to the leadership Tetrapolis, recently decided to act "ahead of the curve" in the Bank of Russia, ie, withdraw the license of the quite healthy operating bank (mostly - small). No evidence of earudsheniya situation in the bank is not, but the regulator believes that such risks can be. And that's reason enough to destroy the bank with one stroke of the pen "overseer."

It seems that today any of the banks, not included in the top 30, could face a sort of "guessing the tea leaves of the Central Bank": today you are not guilty, but then tomorrow will be. Several years ago, the Central Bank leaders fought for the right to have a "reasoned opinion", when they can make decisions based on the study of motives, but not the facts. This is an international practice, but it takes in Russia, perhaps the revolution "unmotivated judgments."

And if the Russian Central Bank so understands its task: to ruin the banks only because it seemed the future of the bank problem, then it - especially the chairman of the Bank of Russia Elvira Nabiullina, is to get acquainted with the experience of regulators in other countries. They are given a chance to work the banks of any size, and make decisions only on the facts of the bank's activities. And if the owners, the shareholders, are willing to financially support the bank, it is reasonable toput it to work, to serve customers. And not with his sword unsheathed mow the banking system, getting rid of unwanted players.

However, we hope that the situation will change soon, because next year there will be elections for a new Chairman of the Bank of Russia. That will not work to the detriment of the country's financial system. However, banks, whose license revoked unjustly, you will not return, and to win the trust of investors by investing its funds in the capital of Russian banks have a very long time.