Alexey Valentinovich Ulyukaev (born 23 March 1956, Moscow) is a Russian politician, scientist, and economist. Between 24 June 2013 and 15 November 2016, he held the office of Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation in Dmitry Medvedev's Cabinet. From 2004 to 2013, he held the post of Deputy Chairman of the Central Bank of Russia. He holds a Doctorate of Economic Sciences.

The Investigative Committee of Russia announced that Ulyukaev had been detained in November 2016 due to allegations that he received a $2 million bribe for an assessment that led to the Kremlin-controlled oil company Rosneft's acquisition of a 50% stake in Bashneft. This followed an apparent sting operation after months of surveillance. On the same day, Vladimir Putin dismissed him from the ministerial position.