This follows from the statistics of the Joint Credit Bureau (OKB), based on data on loans to 82 million citizens. According to the Central Bank, in 2017 the total debts of the population to banks increased by 13.2% to 12.2 trillion rubles.

The OKB calculations show that the number of new loans grew more slowly than their amount. Over the past year, loans increased by 37% compared to 2016 (4.14 trillion rubles), while their number - only 12% to 34.8 million units.

And growth was observed in all segments of lending - mortgages, cash loans, car loans and credit cards, according to Bureau statistics.

Most of the money banks gave out to citizens in the form of cash loans - almost 3 trillion rubles, or 33% more than in 2016. The number of such loans reached 24.7 million units. - growth was 14%.

 The total amount of mortgage loans issued for the year increased by 42% to 1.8 trillion rubles, and the number - by almost a third - to 959,237. According to the estimates of the analytical company Rusipoteka, 53% of the issue of mortgage housing loans last year was provided by Sberbank.

In November, the mortgage portfolio of Russian banks exceeded a record 5 trillion rubles, the Central Bank said earlier. "After the crisis, banks tried to build up a mortgage portfolio. To this end, many of them reduced their initial contributions. Therefore, in the issuances of the previous year about a third - loans with an initial contribution of less than 20%, "- said the head of the analytical center" Rushipotki "Sergei Gordeyko.

Car loans for the entire year of 2017, according to the OKB, increased by 36% to 333.3 billion rubles. (or by 25% to 436,539 shares). At the National Bureau of Credit Histories (NBKI), the annual growth in the number of auto loans was estimated at 29%.

 "Car loans have returned to pre-crisis levels, the share of credit cars is growing," said Alexander Vikulin, General Director of the NBKI. "In 2017, every second car in the country was purchased by citizens with the help of credit funds."

The fastest growing segment of credit cards, stated in the OKB. Although the number of new credit cards issued over the year (excluding cards issued instead of expired cards) increased by only 8% to 8.65 million units, their aggregate limits increased almost by 50%, to 484% to 544.5 billion rubles .

 According to the NBKI, in 2017 the number of new issued loans rose by 52.6% to 6.87 million units. "Equifax" found an increase in issuance of 52% to 6 million pcs. in a year.

The reason for the discrepancy is that the creditor bases of the various bureaus differ slightly. OKB unlike other credit bureaus receives all information about loans from Sberbank, which accounts for, by different estimates, 42-46% of the credit market. The NBKI, for example, does not have the data of the Home Credit bank. All three offices do not take into account the statistics of the "Russian Standard".

Sberbank with its share of the credit card market just influences the discrepancies in the calculations of the OKB and other bureaus, says Frank RG CEO Yuri Gribanov. According to Frank RG, based on management accounts of banks and taking into account the utilization of credit limits, as well as overdue debts, the portfolio of credit cards and overdrafts of Sberbank as of December 1, 2017 amounted to 42.5% of the total portfolio of banks. During the year it grew by 16.4% to 559.6 billion rubles.

 The representative of Sberbank did not provide the exact figures for issuing new credit cards for the past year, but confirmed that they did not grow up, being "at a consistently high level."

"Tinkoff Bank" for 2017 issued 2.41 million new credit cards - 43% more than last year, and Sovcombank - more than 1 million installment cards. Vostochny increased its issuance by 140%, OTP Bank by 135%, VTB by 13% (440 000 cards).

 "The main reason for the increase is that the banks returned to the sales channels that were frozen after 2015, for example, to lend customers from the street," said Alexei Shavelev, director of cross-selling department of OTP Bank.

"In addition, now many banks have an extensive base of quality customers - salary-holders, holders of debit cards, borrowers. It is now much easier for them to sell a credit card, because this client base is already understandable, "explains Pavel Samiev, Managing Director of the NRA, explains the growth in the issuance of credit cards.

The demand for credit cards from the borrowers themselves is associated with the growth of consumer activity in general and the improvement of customer solvency, said Rostislav Yanykin, executive director of the credit card business of Russian Standard. Banks in the struggle for the client are offering increasingly advantageous conditions for using credit cards, he admits.

The increase in lending to the population is provided mainly by people who take loans to tighten the standard of living, believes Natalia Orlova, chief economist at Alfa Bank: "In the past two years, they have suffered more than others from the crisis in terms of reducing purchasing power." According to Vikulin, retail lending is growing due to stabilization of the situation in the economy.